ETV6/AML1融合基因 t(12;21) 探針

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ETV6/AML1融合基因 t(12;21) 探針

   本試劑盒主要用于ETV6/AML1融合基因 t(12;21) 的檢測(cè)，里面包括即用型雜交液和DAPI復(fù)染劑。
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ETV6/AML1融合基因 t(12;21) 探針

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【企業(yè)文化宣傳】ETV6/AML1融合基因 t(12;21) 探針

通過(guò)篩選小鼠體內(nèi)影響神經(jīng)細(xì)胞遷移的基因突變，科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)基因在神經(jīng)細(xì)胞內(nèi)蛋白運(yùn)輸過(guò)程中發(fā)揮關(guān)鍵作用?？茖W(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)如果正在發(fā)育的小鼠缺少這個(gè)基因表達(dá)的蛋白，它的大腦就會(huì)出現(xiàn)嚴(yán)重缺陷。通過(guò)研究該基因突變?cè)谌祟?lèi)中的情況，科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)相同基因的突變導(dǎo)致了神經(jīng)退行疾病。一個(gè)旨在將分子生物學(xué)家和臨床遺傳學(xué)家在一起的信息數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)將實(shí)驗(yàn)室和病人之間緊密在了一起：一個(gè)來(lái)自西歐國(guó)家的年輕患者成為了四兄弟中*一個(gè)受到該基因突變影響的人；神經(jīng)退化、認(rèn)知缺陷和痙攣限制了他對(duì)外界刺激產(chǎn)生反應(yīng)或者控制肌肉的能力，他的一長(zhǎng)串癥狀列表中還出現(xiàn)了癲癇。他在19歲就qushi了。

圖片來(lái)源：Research Institute of Molecular Pathology

維也納分子病理學(xué)研究所（IMP）David Keays實(shí)驗(yàn)室的科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)病人就是他們研究拼圖的zui后一個(gè)板塊。在他們臨床遺傳學(xué)家之前很久，就開(kāi)始在小鼠體內(nèi)篩選對(duì)神經(jīng)遷移有影響的基因突變。

脊椎動(dòng)物的大腦發(fā)育強(qiáng)烈依賴(lài)于神經(jīng)細(xì)胞正確的產(chǎn)生、遷移、分化和生存。所有這些過(guò)程都需要很多基因及其表達(dá)的蛋白協(xié)同作用，其中任何一個(gè)基因突變都可能影響神經(jīng)細(xì)胞的功能。通過(guò)生物化學(xué)方法誘導(dǎo)基因突變，科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)Vps15是神經(jīng)正常發(fā)育必需的一個(gè)基因，相關(guān)研究成果于近日發(fā)表在《Nature Neuroscience》上。

“它幾乎是一個(gè)不可能的候選基因。”該研究*作者Thomas Gstrein說(shuō)道。“人類(lèi)有超過(guò)20000個(gè)基因，沒(méi)有人能猜到Vps15會(huì)有這個(gè)作用，你不可能只通過(guò)Vps15就創(chuàng)造出大腦。

只有通過(guò)大量的篩選（與哈佛大學(xué)的研究人員合作），科學(xué)家們才找除了這個(gè)特殊的基因。

隨后他們檢測(cè)了小鼠大腦由于該基因突變產(chǎn)生的特征，并研究了Vps15在大腦發(fā)育中發(fā)揮作用的分子機(jī)制——將它與其他形成細(xì)胞骨架的蛋白在了一起。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)背后的分子機(jī)制之后，他們就轉(zhuǎn)向了Genematcher——一個(gè)將他們與臨床遺傳學(xué)家在一起的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，該遺傳學(xué)家有一個(gè)病人同源Vps15基因上出現(xiàn)了突變，這個(gè)病人也還有神經(jīng)退行性疾病。

通過(guò)檢查這個(gè)病人、他的兄弟姐妹以及他的父母，研究人員確定Vps15突變使得其表達(dá)的蛋白減少，從而引起了神經(jīng)發(fā)育缺陷。在他們的文章中，他們指出Vps15也許在其他神經(jīng)疾病中也發(fā)揮重要作用，如精神分裂癥和自閉癥，研究人員呼吁在未來(lái)的研究中要更加關(guān)注這個(gè)基因。

By screening the gene mutation that affects the migration of nerve cells in mice, scientists found that a gene plays a key role in the transport of proteins in nerve cells. Scientists have found that if the developing mice lack the protein expressed by the gene, the brain will have serious defects. By studying the mutation of the gene in humans, scientists have found that mutations in the same gene have led to neurodegenerative disease. A molecular biologist and clinical geneticists to be linked to the information database between the laboratory and the patient closely together: one from Western Europe to become the four brothers in the young patients with only one by the gene mutations affecting people; ability of neural degeneration, cognitive deficits and spasm restricted him to external stimuli respond or muscle control, also appeared in his long list of symptoms of epilepsy. He died at the age of 19.

Image source: Research Institute of Molecular Pathology

Scientists at the David Keays laboratory at the Vienna Institute of molecular pathology (IMP) found that the patient was the last plate they studied in the jigsaw puzzle. Long before they contacted clinical geneticists, they began screening gene mutations that affect the migration of nerves in mice.

The brain development of vertebrates is strongly dependent on the correct generation, migration, differentiation and survival of the nerve cells. All these processes require a synergistic effect of many genes and their expressed proteins, of which any gene mutation may affect the function of neural cells.  By inducing gene mutation by biochemical methods, scientists found that Vps15 is a necessary gene for normal neural development. The related research results were published in Nature Neuroscience recently.

"It is almost an impossible candidate gene." Thomas Gstrein, the first author of the study, said. "There are more than 20000 genes in humans, and no one can guess that Vps15 will have this effect, and you can't create the brain only through Vps15.

Only through a lot of screening (collaborating with researchers at the Harvard University), scientists are looking for this particular gene.

Then they detected the characteristics of the mouse brain due to the mutation of the gene, and studied the molecular mechanism of Vps15's role in brain development, linking it to other proteins that form cytoskeleton. After they found the molecular mechanisms behind, they turned to Genematcher, a clinical geneticist and they will be linked to the database, the geneticists have a patient appeared on the homologous Vps15 gene mutation, the patient and neurodegenerative diseases.

By examining the patient, his siblings, and his parents, the researchers determined that the Vps15 mutation reduced the protein expressed, resulting in neurodevelopmental deficits. In their articles, they pointed out that Vps15 may also play an important role in other neurological diseases, such as schizophrenia and autism. Researchers call for more attention in the future research.